Wednesday, February 4, 2015

Regulation of Depression Symptoms: Tye et al and Chaudhury et al.

The focus of this weeks papers was the different roles of dopamine neurons and their effect on the symptoms of depression. To start, I would like to reiterate my viewpoint that stress induced by experimental conditions is not the same type of symptoms in depression humans. The measurement of depression in the mice is measured by anxiety due to lack of feeding or measurement of time until learned helplessness takes effect.
In the experiments given, findings are gravely different between Tye and Chaudhury. Tye even mentions that the VTA neuronal findings in her study could be drastically different due to types and length of stress induced, which was a CMS paradigm in Tye, and a social defeat paradigm by Chaudbury. The measurement of stress is also different between the two. Tye's measurement is based only on time until learned helplessness, while Chaudbury uses a social avoidance and sugar intake measurement. It is very difficult to compare tests when the results cannot be read congruently.
The differences in the studies are drastic to begin with. Both relied on optigenetics to monitor dopamine neuronal behavior, but while Tye's paper focused mostly on how the activation or inactivation of dopamine neurons effects the nucleus accumbens downstream, Chaudhury focues more on the phasic properties of the VTA neurons. One should not that Tye only records from neurons to the Nucleus Accumbens, while Chaudbury also looks at the medial prefrontal cortex.

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